The Prince and the Plunder

A book on how Britain took one boy and piles of treasures from Ethiopia

Category: Manuscripts

A manuscript including a Lectionary for Palm Sunday and Passion week. Homilies on the Passion (18)

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What: A Lectionary for Palm Sunday and Passion week. Homililies on the Passion, dated 1687

Where: The John Rylands Library, 150 Deansgate, Manchester M3 3EH

One of four manuscripts in Manchester University’s library taken from Magdala. A fifth is described a “bought by Lt-Colonel Henslowe from a priest in Addigrat” – a major stop on the force’s route on the campaign. The library has a total of 42 Ethiopian manuscripts, and some of the remainder may also have come from Magdala.

Stefan Strelcyn lists the lectionary as No. 18 in his Catalogue of Ethiopic manuscripts in the John Rylands University Library of Manchester, and identifies it as a Magdala manuscript:

“The manuscript was brought from Magdala. In the upper margin of f. 3r there is a note ‘Gabra Hemamat belonging to the Church of the Saviour of the World.’ On the inner cover is a label: ‘G. F. Robertson, Lieut. and Adjutant, 3rd Dragoon Guards, Magdala, 13 April 1868.'”

Gospels will illuminated headings (27)

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What: An 18th Century manuscript of the Gospels, with illuminated headings

Where: The John Rylands Library, 150 Deansgate, Manchester M3 3EH

One of four manuscripts in Manchester University’s library taken from Magdala. A fifth is described a “bought by Lt-Colonel Henslowe from a priest in Addigrat” – a major stop on the force’s route on the campaign. The library has a total of 42 Ethiopian manuscripts, and some of the remainder may also have come from Magdala.

Stefan Strelcyn lists the Gospels as No. 27 in his Catalogue of Ethiopic manuscripts in the John Rylands University Library of Manchester, and identifies it as a Magdala manuscript:

A message reading saying “the manuscript belonged to the Church of the Saviour of the World in Magdala, cf f. 12r, upper margin.”

Scroll with prayer against chest pain (32)

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What: A 19th century scroll with five coloured pictures and prayers against demons and conditions including chest pain

Where: The John Rylands Library, 150 Deansgate, Manchester M3 3EH

One of four manuscripts in Manchester University’s library taken from Magdala. A fifth is described a “bought by Lt-Colonel Henslowe from a priest in Addigrat” – a major stop on the force’s route on the campaign. The library has a total of 42 Ethiopian manuscripts, and some of the remainder may also have come from Magdala.

Stefan Strelcyn lists the scroll as No. 32 in his Catalogue of Ethiopic manuscripts in the John Rylands University Library of Manchester, and identifies it as a Magdala manuscript:

“Obtained in Magdala, as stated in a note written in pencil on a piece of paper (215x140mm, badly damaged and pasted on another piece of paper) placed within the scroll”

A 17th century manuscript taken to France then New York then sold on

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What: Manuscript, probably 17th century, including discourses from the festivals of the angels Mikael and Rufael, and pictures of the virgin and Angels.

Where: One of five Ethiopian manuscripts in the collection of U.S. bibliographer, bibliophile and librarian Wilberforce Eames (1855-1937). They were put up for sale in 1905.

One of five Ethiopian manuscripts in the in the collection of bibliographer, bibliophile and librarian Wilberforce Eames. The manuscript is identified as from Magdala in Edgar J. Goodspeed’s 1904 paper Ethiopic Manuscripts from the Collection of Wilberforce Eames:

“A paper fly-leaf inside the first cover reports that the manuscript was part of the spoils taken after the overthrow of King Theodore, and was brought from Abyssinia to France by a French soldier who participated in the expedition against him. It doubtless came, like the great collection secured by the British Museum in 1868, from Magdala.”

A footnote gives the full note on the fly-leaf: “Ce manuscrit provient du colonel Gally-Passebosc, tué par les Canaques de la Nouvelle Calédonie, en 1878. Cet officier avait fait partie de l’expédition anglaise contre le roi Théodorus et il s’était emparé, lors de la défaite de ce prince, du tapis sur lequel il faisait ses prières, de son bouclier, et de ce manuscrit.”

[“This manuscript comes from Colonel Gally-Passebosc, killed by the Canaques of New Caledonia, in 1878. This officer had been part of the English expedition against King Theodorus and he had seized, during the defeat of this prince , the carpet on which he prayed, his shield, and this manuscript.”]

The footnote adds: “Other Ethiopic manuscripts secured at the same time were presented by this officer to the Bibliotheque nationale; cf. Zotenberg, Catalogue, No. 70, a manuscript once owned, like this one, by Kidana Maryam … This manuscript is noticed in Maisonneuve’s Oriental Catalogue, 6, No. 6569 (1881), AND 5, No. 6941 (1892).”

Three of the other manuscripts listed in the Wilberforce Eames collection could also have come from Ethiopia. A fifth is marked as from Jerusalem.

All five were put up for auction on Wednesday and Thursday, May 24 and 25 trough The Anderson Auction Company of 5 West 29th Street, New York. Here is the catalogue page. There are no details on who bought it.

Scroll with charms against maladies and evil spirits (MS.94) *

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What: An 18th century scroll “containing a collection of charms against maladies and evil spirits”, probably from Magdala

Where: The National Library of Scotland, George IV Bridge, Edinburgh EH1 1EW

The database entry labels it MS. 94 and describes it as made of vellum and written in Ethiopic and Amharic.

Another page in the library database says it is one of two manuscripts “acquired by General Sir William Knox, Knight Commander of the Bath, probably during the Abyssinian campaign of 1867-1868“.

It was presented, 1927, by Lady Knox, M.B.E.


The library also has an Ethiopic copy of the Four Gospels, previously in the collection of the Society of Antiquaries of Scotland, that was “procured” at one of the British force’s stops on the way to Magdala.

Its story, together with that of some smaller manuscripts currently in Edinburgh University’s Library, is told in Volume 8 (1868-70) of The Proceedings of the Antiquaries of Scotland. This says: “The large book, believed to be the Priest’s Bible, or rather the one belonging to the church, and from which he explained to his people, was procured in a church between Adabagah and Dongalo, about thirty-two or thirty-three miles south of Adigrat. The smaller book and scrolls were mostly procured in the neighbourhood of Senafe, from churches and villages. One of the boos was said to be the Psalms … Presented … by Captain Charles McInroy, Staff Service, Madras.”

Prayers to the Virgin and various saints (MS.95) *

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What: A 16th-17th manuscript containing a “collection of prayers to the Virgin and various saints, including Takla Hāymānōt,” probably from Magdala

Where: The National Library of Scotland, George IV Bridge, Edinburgh EH1 1EW

The database entry labels it MS. 95 and describes it as made of vellum and written in Ge’ez, with rough wooden boards.

Another page in the library database says it is one of two manuscripts “acquired by General Sir William Knox, Knight Commander of the Bath, probably during the Abyssinian campaign of 1867-1868“.


The National Library also has an Ethiopic copy of the Four Gospels, previously in the collection of the Society of Antiquaries of Scotland, that was “procured” at one of the British force’s stops on the way to Magdala.

Its story, together with that of some smaller manuscripts currently in Edinburgh University’s Library, is told in Volume 8 (1868-70) of The Proceedings of the Antiquaries of Scotland. This says: “The large book, believed to be the Priest’s Bible, or rather the one belonging to the church, and from which he explained to his people, was procured in a church between Adabagah and Dongalo, about thirty-two or thirty-three miles south of Adigrat. The smaller book and scrolls were mostly procured in the neighbourhood of Senafe, from churches and villages. One of the boos was said to be the Psalms … Presented … by Captain Charles McInroy, Staff Service, Madras.”